Abstract: This paper presents a method of axis calibration based on the plane rotating around the axis.The solutions of multi plane equations with rank 3 and rank 2 were discussed respectively.Except for the case of rank 1,this method was suitable for most of the axis calibration cases.The experiment shows that the calibration error is proportional to the error of plane equations coefficients.The calibration accuracy is better than that of the method based on the rotation of space points around the axis.