Abstract: In order to solve the problem of spectrum resource shortage, a cognitive radio spectrum allocation method based on binary sine and cosine algorithm (BSCA) is proposed. A nonlinear amplitude regulator was constructed, which could dynamically adjust the search step size during iteration and improve the global search ability and convergence accuracy. The sine cosine algorithm was extended to the discrete domain by using binary code conversion formula. The improved binary sine cosine algorithm was applied to spectrum allocation simulation experiments, and compared with JP2particle swarm optimization, genetic algorithm, quantum genetic algorithm. The results show that BSCA has the advantage of achieving high network efficiency and fairness.